Abstract

Psychological analysis of fictional characters, based on the theories of humanistic psychologists, is a method for gaining a deeper understanding of literary works and their authors. Humanistic psychology is concerned with the self-consciousness of man as well as his moral behavior and self-actualization. Abraham Maslow, one of the leading theorists in this field, has made a significant contribution to humanistic psychology through the development of the theory of the hierarchy of human needs and the explanation of the characteristics of self-actualized individuals. Regarding Maslow’s theory, this study investigated the psychological characteristics of Abu Zaid Saroji, the main character of the Maqamat al-Hariri. In Maqamat, Al-Hariri created a complex and dynamic character named Abu Zaid, and considering the work's literary and historical-social significance, the psychological examination of the protagonist is essential. Abu Zaid is portrayed as a perpetually impoverished and troubled beggar who undergoes a fundamental transformation in the final maqameh of Maqamat al-Hariri. In the current study, it was determined how Abu Zaid's basic needs were met by analyzing each Maqameh separately, and examples of his awareness and self-actualization in Magamat were also considered.According to Maslow's theory, self-actualized people possess numerous characteristics, all of which are exemplified by Abu Zaid. Consequently, he can be considered a self-actualized individual. This study was conducted using the library method and involved data review and analysis.